handel – blog.stromhaltig

Deprecated: Return type of Google\Site_Kit_Dependencies\Google\Model::offsetExists($offset) should either be compatible with ArrayAccess::offsetExists(mixed $offset): bool, or the #[\ReturnTypeWillChange] attribute should be used to temporarily suppress the notice in /var/www/stromhaltig/blog/wp-content/plugins/google-site-kit/third-party/google/apiclient/src/Model.php on line 240

Deprecated: Return type of Google\Site_Kit_Dependencies\Google\Model::offsetGet($offset) should either be compatible with ArrayAccess::offsetGet(mixed $offset): mixed, or the #[\ReturnTypeWillChange] attribute should be used to temporarily suppress the notice in /var/www/stromhaltig/blog/wp-content/plugins/google-site-kit/third-party/google/apiclient/src/Model.php on line 244

Deprecated: Return type of Google\Site_Kit_Dependencies\Google\Model::offsetSet($offset, $value) should either be compatible with ArrayAccess::offsetSet(mixed $offset, mixed $value): void, or the #[\ReturnTypeWillChange] attribute should be used to temporarily suppress the notice in /var/www/stromhaltig/blog/wp-content/plugins/google-site-kit/third-party/google/apiclient/src/Model.php on line 248

Deprecated: Return type of Google\Site_Kit_Dependencies\Google\Model::offsetUnset($offset) should either be compatible with ArrayAccess::offsetUnset(mixed $offset): void, or the #[\ReturnTypeWillChange] attribute should be used to temporarily suppress the notice in /var/www/stromhaltig/blog/wp-content/plugins/google-site-kit/third-party/google/apiclient/src/Model.php on line 257

Deprecated: Return type of Google\Site_Kit_Dependencies\Google\Collection::current() should either be compatible with Iterator::current(): mixed, or the #[\ReturnTypeWillChange] attribute should be used to temporarily suppress the notice in /var/www/stromhaltig/blog/wp-content/plugins/google-site-kit/third-party/google/apiclient/src/Collection.php on line 19

Deprecated: Return type of Google\Site_Kit_Dependencies\Google\Collection::next() should either be compatible with Iterator::next(): void, or the #[\ReturnTypeWillChange] attribute should be used to temporarily suppress the notice in /var/www/stromhaltig/blog/wp-content/plugins/google-site-kit/third-party/google/apiclient/src/Collection.php on line 32

Deprecated: Return type of Google\Site_Kit_Dependencies\Google\Collection::key() should either be compatible with Iterator::key(): mixed, or the #[\ReturnTypeWillChange] attribute should be used to temporarily suppress the notice in /var/www/stromhaltig/blog/wp-content/plugins/google-site-kit/third-party/google/apiclient/src/Collection.php on line 26

Deprecated: Return type of Google\Site_Kit_Dependencies\Google\Collection::valid() should either be compatible with Iterator::valid(): bool, or the #[\ReturnTypeWillChange] attribute should be used to temporarily suppress the notice in /var/www/stromhaltig/blog/wp-content/plugins/google-site-kit/third-party/google/apiclient/src/Collection.php on line 36

Deprecated: Return type of Google\Site_Kit_Dependencies\Google\Collection::rewind() should either be compatible with Iterator::rewind(): void, or the #[\ReturnTypeWillChange] attribute should be used to temporarily suppress the notice in /var/www/stromhaltig/blog/wp-content/plugins/google-site-kit/third-party/google/apiclient/src/Collection.php on line 13

Deprecated: Return type of Google\Site_Kit_Dependencies\Google\Collection::count() should either be compatible with Countable::count(): int, or the #[\ReturnTypeWillChange] attribute should be used to temporarily suppress the notice in /var/www/stromhaltig/blog/wp-content/plugins/google-site-kit/third-party/google/apiclient/src/Collection.php on line 41

Deprecated: Return type of Google\Site_Kit\Core\Util\JSON_File::offsetExists($offset) should either be compatible with ArrayAccess::offsetExists(mixed $offset): bool, or the #[\ReturnTypeWillChange] attribute should be used to temporarily suppress the notice in /var/www/stromhaltig/blog/wp-content/plugins/google-site-kit/includes/Core/Util/JSON_File.php on line 87

Deprecated: Return type of Google\Site_Kit\Core\Util\JSON_File::offsetGet($offset) should either be compatible with ArrayAccess::offsetGet(mixed $offset): mixed, or the #[\ReturnTypeWillChange] attribute should be used to temporarily suppress the notice in /var/www/stromhaltig/blog/wp-content/plugins/google-site-kit/includes/Core/Util/JSON_File.php on line 101

Deprecated: Return type of Google\Site_Kit\Core\Util\JSON_File::offsetSet($offset, $value) should either be compatible with ArrayAccess::offsetSet(mixed $offset, mixed $value): void, or the #[\ReturnTypeWillChange] attribute should be used to temporarily suppress the notice in /var/www/stromhaltig/blog/wp-content/plugins/google-site-kit/includes/Core/Util/JSON_File.php on line 113

Deprecated: Return type of Google\Site_Kit\Core\Util\JSON_File::offsetUnset($offset) should either be compatible with ArrayAccess::offsetUnset(mixed $offset): void, or the #[\ReturnTypeWillChange] attribute should be used to temporarily suppress the notice in /var/www/stromhaltig/blog/wp-content/plugins/google-site-kit/includes/Core/Util/JSON_File.php on line 124

Deprecated: Return type of Google\Site_Kit\Core\Util\JSON_File::getIterator() should either be compatible with IteratorAggregate::getIterator(): Traversable, or the #[\ReturnTypeWillChange] attribute should be used to temporarily suppress the notice in /var/www/stromhaltig/blog/wp-content/plugins/google-site-kit/includes/Core/Util/JSON_File.php on line 148

Deprecated: Return type of Google\Site_Kit\Core\Util\JSON_File::jsonSerialize() should either be compatible with JsonSerializable::jsonSerialize(): mixed, or the #[\ReturnTypeWillChange] attribute should be used to temporarily suppress the notice in /var/www/stromhaltig/blog/wp-content/plugins/google-site-kit/includes/Core/Util/JSON_File.php on line 135

Deprecated: Creation of dynamic property WP_Bulk_Delete::$api is deprecated in /var/www/stromhaltig/blog/wp-content/plugins/wp-bulk-delete/wp-bulk-delete.php on line 53

Deprecated: Constant FILTER_SANITIZE_STRING is deprecated in /var/www/stromhaltig/blog/wp-content/plugins/google-site-kit/includes/Core/Admin/Standalone.php on line 95

Deprecated: filter_input(): Passing null to parameter #4 ($options) of type array|int is deprecated in /var/www/stromhaltig/blog/wp-content/plugins/google-site-kit/includes/Core/Util/Input.php on line 64

Deprecated: filter_input(): Passing null to parameter #4 ($options) of type array|int is deprecated in /var/www/stromhaltig/blog/wp-content/plugins/google-site-kit/includes/Core/Util/Input.php on line 64

Deprecated: version_compare(): Passing null to parameter #2 ($version2) of type string is deprecated in /var/www/stromhaltig/blog/wp-content/plugins/elementor/core/upgrade/manager.php on line 62

Deprecated: Return type of Elementor\Core\Utils\Collection::offsetExists($key) should either be compatible with ArrayAccess::offsetExists(mixed $offset): bool, or the #[\ReturnTypeWillChange] attribute should be used to temporarily suppress the notice in /var/www/stromhaltig/blog/wp-content/plugins/elementor/core/utils/collection.php on line 404

Deprecated: Return type of Elementor\Core\Utils\Collection::offsetGet($key) should either be compatible with ArrayAccess::offsetGet(mixed $offset): mixed, or the #[\ReturnTypeWillChange] attribute should be used to temporarily suppress the notice in /var/www/stromhaltig/blog/wp-content/plugins/elementor/core/utils/collection.php on line 413

Deprecated: Return type of Elementor\Core\Utils\Collection::offsetSet($key, $value) should either be compatible with ArrayAccess::offsetSet(mixed $offset, mixed $value): void, or the #[\ReturnTypeWillChange] attribute should be used to temporarily suppress the notice in /var/www/stromhaltig/blog/wp-content/plugins/elementor/core/utils/collection.php on line 421

Deprecated: Return type of Elementor\Core\Utils\Collection::offsetUnset($key) should either be compatible with ArrayAccess::offsetUnset(mixed $offset): void, or the #[\ReturnTypeWillChange] attribute should be used to temporarily suppress the notice in /var/www/stromhaltig/blog/wp-content/plugins/elementor/core/utils/collection.php on line 432

Deprecated: Return type of Elementor\Core\Utils\Collection::count() should either be compatible with Countable::count(): int, or the #[\ReturnTypeWillChange] attribute should be used to temporarily suppress the notice in /var/www/stromhaltig/blog/wp-content/plugins/elementor/core/utils/collection.php on line 446

Deprecated: Return type of Elementor\Core\Utils\Collection::getIterator() should either be compatible with IteratorAggregate::getIterator(): Traversable, or the #[\ReturnTypeWillChange] attribute should be used to temporarily suppress the notice in /var/www/stromhaltig/blog/wp-content/plugins/elementor/core/utils/collection.php on line 439

Deprecated: version_compare(): Passing null to parameter #2 ($version2) of type string is deprecated in /var/www/stromhaltig/blog/wp-content/plugins/elementor/core/upgrade/manager.php on line 62

Deprecated: Creation of dynamic property Advanced_Ads_Ads_Txt_Public::$strategy is deprecated in /var/www/stromhaltig/blog/wp-content/plugins/advanced-ads/modules/ads-txt/public/class-advanced-ads-ads-txt-public.php on line 12

Deprecated: Creation of dynamic property Advanced_Ads_Ads_Txt_Public::$strategy is deprecated in /var/www/stromhaltig/blog/wp-content/plugins/advanced-ads/modules/ads-txt/public/class-advanced-ads-ads-txt-public.php on line 12

Deprecated: Creation of dynamic property Advanced_Ads_Network_Adsense::$settings_section_id is deprecated in /var/www/stromhaltig/blog/wp-content/plugins/advanced-ads/admin/includes/class-ad-network.php on line 45

Deprecated: Creation of dynamic property Advanced_Ads_Network_Adsense::$settings_init_hook is deprecated in /var/www/stromhaltig/blog/wp-content/plugins/advanced-ads/admin/includes/class-ad-network.php on line 46

Deprecated: Creation of dynamic property Advanced_Ads_Network_Adsense::$data is deprecated in /var/www/stromhaltig/blog/wp-content/plugins/advanced-ads/modules/gadsense/includes/class-network-adsense.php on line 38

Deprecated: filter_input(): Passing null to parameter #4 ($options) of type array|int is deprecated in /var/www/stromhaltig/blog/wp-content/plugins/google-site-kit/includes/Core/Util/Input.php on line 64

Deprecated: filter_input(): Passing null to parameter #4 ($options) of type array|int is deprecated in /var/www/stromhaltig/blog/wp-content/plugins/google-site-kit/includes/Core/Util/Input.php on line 64

Deprecated: Creation of dynamic property Google\Site_Kit\Modules\Analytics\Web_Tag::$module_slug is deprecated in /var/www/stromhaltig/blog/wp-content/plugins/google-site-kit/includes/Core/Modules/Tags/Module_Tag.php on line 42

Deprecated: filter_input(): Passing null to parameter #4 ($options) of type array|int is deprecated in /var/www/stromhaltig/blog/wp-content/plugins/google-site-kit/includes/Core/Util/Input.php on line 64

Deprecated: Creation of dynamic property Google\Site_Kit\Modules\Analytics_4\Web_Tag::$module_slug is deprecated in /var/www/stromhaltig/blog/wp-content/plugins/google-site-kit/includes/Core/Modules/Tags/Module_Tag.php on line 42

Deprecated: filter_input(): Passing null to parameter #4 ($options) of type array|int is deprecated in /var/www/stromhaltig/blog/wp-content/plugins/google-site-kit/includes/Core/Util/Input.php on line 64
handel – blog.stromhaltig

Stromhandel und seine Spuren im Netzbetrieb

17. Dezember 2014 von Thorsten Zoerner

Der Handel mit elektrischer Energie ist die Vorstufe zur Erfüllung der Regel Verbrauch ist gleich der Erzeugung. Die Synchronität aus Einspeisung und Entnahme wird zunächst über Lieferverträge und Entnahmeverträge zwischen den Akteuren vorgegeben. Es wird geregelt, welche Mengen zu welchem Zeitpunkt über das öffentliche Stromnetz transportiert werden sollen. Das Ergebnis wird den Netzbetreibern mitgeteilt, die daraus die sogenannten Fahrpläne bauen.

Das aktuelle Markt-Design ist in weiten Teilen ein sogenannter Energy-Only-Markt (EOM), bei dem nach Zeit/Menge die Verträge auf drei unterschiedlichen Marktplätzen geschlossen werden: OTC (Direktverträge), EEX (Terminmarkt), EPEX (Spotmarkt).

Beim Aufbau eines Strommarktes für die Energiewende sollten die bestehenden systemischen Schwächen des aktuellen Marktes analysiert und nach Möglichkeiten behoben werden.

Auswirkungen des Stromhandels auf die Netze

21. März 201426. August 2013 von Thorsten Zoerner

Versorgungssicherheit durch Handel in Gefahr?

Für den Handel mit elektrischer Energie gibt es verschiedene Märkte. Durch den Stromhandel wird sichergestellt, dass die jeweiligen Stromanbieter (Kunden) jeweils soviel Strom in einkaufen, wie ihre Abnehmer (Letztverbraucher) gerade benötigen. Die Anbieter (Verkäufer) sind die Kraftwerke und Stromerzeuger. Handel ist ein kaufmännischer Vorgang, der allerdings eine Auswirkung auf die physikalischen Eigenschaften des Netzes hat. Ein Wechsel der Anlagen die gerade Strom erzeugen sorgt dafür, dass ein Sicherungsmechanismus des Netzbetriebes kurzzeitig aus dem Takt gerät und erst wieder stabilisiert werden muss. Geregelt wird dies über die Netzfrequenz, die regelmäßig an den Stundengrenzen vom Sollwert 50Hz abweicht, wie man aus einer Analyse von Netzfrequenz.info entnehmen kann.

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